Machine for making egg-carriers



No. 622,038. Patented Mar. 28, I899. s. E. DAVIS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING EGG CARRIERS.

(Applicatibn filed Dec. 80, 1897.)

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(No Modal.)

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(Application filed Dec. 30, 1897.)v

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(No Model.)

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No. 622,038. Patented Mar. 28, I899. S. E. DAVIS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING EGG CARRIERS.

(Application filed Dec. 30, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3,

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Patented Mar. 28, I899. S. E. DAVIS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING EGG CARRIERS.

(Application filed Dec. 30, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

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' Nrrn rates PATENT Erica.

SYLVANUS E. DAVIS, OF NEi/VARK, NE\V YORK, ASSIGNOR OF FOUR-FIFTHS TOHARRY R. DRAKE, NATHAN COOK, REUBEN BERRY, AND NELSON D.

DRAKE, OF SAME PLACE, AND WILLARD S. GARDNER, OF AUBURN, NEV

YORK.

MACHINE FOR MAKING EGG-CARRIERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 622,038, dated March28-, 1899.

Application filed December 30, 1897. Serial No. 664,630. (No model.)

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SYLVANUS E. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, in the county of \Vayne, in the State of 5 New York,have invented an Improved Machine for Making Egg-Carriers, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanyingdrawings.

My invention relates to a machine for form- |o ing the egg-carriersdescribed in the patent of A. J. Baker, No. 5,567, dated September 3,1895.

My improved machine is fully described and illustrated in the followingspecification and the accompanying drawings, the novel features thereofbeing specified in the claims annexed to the said specification.

In the accompanying drawings, representing my improved egg-carriermachine, Figures 1 and 2 together constitute a side elevation of themachine, Fig. 1 showing the paper feeding and fulling end and Fig. 2 theforming and delivery portion. Figs. 3 and 4: together constitute a planview of the machine.

Figs. 5, (3, and 7 represent some of the fullingrollers provided withcircumferential fullingribs gradually increasing in number from thecenter outward. Fig. 8 represents one of the fulling-rollers and thefulling-drum in section. Fig. 9 represents a finished egg-carrier. Fig.10 is an edge view of the same, partially broken away. Fig. 11 is asection through one of the journals of one of the revolving drums,showing the manner of introducing Fig. 12 is a side view of the cutterand its driving mechanism.

The egg-carrier made by myimproved machine is represented in Figs. 9 and10, the first showing the carrier opened and the latter 4o closed ordoubled up ready for use. These crates are manufactured from anysuitable.

wise caused to adhere together, fulled longitudinally, and thensubjected to the pressing and drying operations.

In the accompanying drawings, A A represent the rolls of paper, whichare supported on any suitable framework so as to revolve freely,anysuitable brake or other device being employed to maintain therequisite tension on the paper. From the rolls the paper passes aroundsuitable guide-pulleys B B 13 B and thence to a pasting-roll O, by whichany suitable adhesive material is applied to the inner surface of one ofthe sheets, and thence the paper is led to a guide-roller D, by whichthe sheets are caused to adhere together more or less completely beforebeing submitted to the operation of the fulling device E. As fed intothe machine the sheets of paper are so made or prepared that they arefulled or slightly corrugated transversely, and they are f ulledlongitudinallyby the fulling device E, which produces longitudinalcorrugations in the paper, adapting it thereby to the operation ofembossing or forming out the receptacles which are ultimately designedto hold the eggs. The methods of producing paper with the corrugationstransverse to its Widthare now well known and need no description, suchpaper being furnished on order by many different factories.

The fulling device consists of a grooved drum F and a series offulling-rollers 1 3 5 '7 9, which produce the longitudinal folds orcorrugations in the paper in a gradually-progressive manner, beginningat the middle of the sheet and extending from the central line towardthe edges. From the roller D, where the two sheets of paper are causedto adhere together, one having been pasted or glued by the roller 0, thepaper passes between the grooved fulling-drum F and the series offulling-rollers, which produce the longitudinal corrugations. The firstof the fulling-rollers, 1, Figs. 3 and 5, produces a centrallongitudinal crease in the paper; the second, 3, Figs. 3 and 5, makesthree creases, one on each side of the crease produced by the first,gradually drawingin the paper from the edges to the center. The nextfulling-roller, 5, Fig. 6,

adds two creases, one on each side; the next, 7, Fig. 7, adds two more,and so on in succession to any number of creases required by the widthof the paper. Each successive f ulling-roller holds and retains thecreases made by the preceding roller or rollers. The successivefulling-rollers each add two creases, one on each side, to the creasesproduced by the previous rollers, thus gradually narrowing the paperfrom each edge inward until for a sheet. twenty-three inches wide I haveused in practice a last fulling-roller capable of producing seventy ormore longitudinal creases in the sheet.

The grooves in the falling-rollers may be of any suitable dimensions-sayone-quarter of an inch wide and of somewhat less depth. The grooves inthe fulling-drum will correspond,with an allowance for the thickness ofthe paper-say one-twentieth of an inch, more or less, as required. Thearrangement will be understood from Figs. 3, 5, 0, and 7, in which thefirst of the series of falling-rollers is shown, and in Fig. 8, whichgives a partial section of the fulling-drum F. The fulling-rollers 1 3 57 9, &c., are supported on the shafts II, which revolve in suitablerelation with the curved surface of the fullingdrum in journals in thearches I 1, supported by the longitudinal side frames of the machine JJ. The fulling-rollers are driven by the friction of the paper againstthem. The arches are supported in any suitable way such, for instance,as by being secured to the cross-bars K K. Suitable brackets L, arisingfrom the side frames J J, support the shaft M of the falling-drum F andthe crossbars K K. In passing between the fullingdrum and the fulling-rollers the paper is gradually creased from the center outward,narrowed and drawn in on the edges, and putinto condition for thesubsequent operations. It will be understood that this fulling device,consisting, essentially, of a grooved fulling-drum and a series offulling-rollers successively increasing in the number of fulling ribs orflanges around them from the center outward, may be constructed in manyother ways and that such device is capable of use for purposes other ordifferent from that herein described.

From the fulling-drum the paper, longitudinally fulled or corrugated,passes around the rollerN, Fig. 1, and thence upward around the drum 0,Figs. 2 and 4, which is provided with male dies of a form adapted togive the paper the proper shape for receiving and holding the eggs. Themale and female dies used in my machine are made of a form adapted toproduce in the paper passing between them suitable semi-egg-shapedeoncavities, so that when the paper is cut into suit-able lengths andfolded on itself f ull-egg-shaped recesses are inclosed between itssections, adapted to holding and carrying the eggs. The paper passesaround the drum 0 and between it and the female drum P, which isprovided around its periphery with female dies of suitable form, and bypressure between these two drums it receives its first shaping orembossing at about the point Q, Fig. 2. Thence the more or lesscompletely embossed paper passes around the drum P and is againsubjected to the action of male dies on the drum R at about the point-S, from which it passes around the drum R and is delivered to a suitablecutter U to be thence discharged in condition, when folded, (see Fig.10,) for use as egg-carriers. The drums employed are cylinders ofcast-iron with heads and suitable hollow journals, with the male orfemale dies bolted to their peripheries in any suitable way. The drumsare made of sufficient strength to sustain the pressure of the steamused for heating them, which need not exceed twenty pounds pressure. Thehollow journals permit the introduction of the steam and the dischargeof the condensation. The dies may, however, be formed directly on thesurfaces of the drums or produced in any other suitable or preferredway. The female drum P and the male drums O and R are heated, so thatthe paper is driedas it progresses onward. While the manner of work ving these drums may be varied and several drums may be arranged to act011 the paper in succession against the female drum, I will describemore particularly the construction of the machine represented in thedrawings, and which I have found satisfactory in practical use. It willalso be understood that two or more female drums may be employed tocoact against a single male drum, the requirement being the gradual orsuccessive formation of the recesses in the fulled paper. From thedriving=shaft T, Figs. 2 and 4, power is transmitted to the variousdrums by the pinion V, Fig. 2, gear IV, and gears X and Y. The uprightsZ Z support the shafts of the drums P and R. An extension A supports thedrum 0. From the gear Y the fulling drum F is driven by the gears O 0 asshown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The paste-roller C is driven from a policyon the shaft M of the fulling-dru m F by the belt E orother suitabledevice. The uprights or standards Z Z are provided with ways 11 11 onwhich the blocks L slide, beingforced downward by the springs M, so thatthe drum R is capable of a slight amount of adjustment relatively to thedrum P. The shaft N of the drum R revolves in suitable journals in theblocks L.

O is a cross-bar which is adjusted up and down on the ways ll H by thescrew P, th readed through the cap R.

Any suitable stops may be employed to limitthe downward movement of theblocks L and the drum R, or, as in the construction shown, thecross-bars O are supported on collars on the lower ends of the screws 1and the blocks L are attached to their corresponding cross-bars by thebolts Q, which permit these parts to approach each other,.but limit thedistance to which they can be separated. Provision is made in a similarmanner for the 6am a adjustment of the drum relatively to the drum P bythe ways H H on the frame A the thickness of the papersuch, forinstance,

as the employment of weights instead of springs.

S is a paste-trough in which the pastingroll C revolves. Any suitablescraper or doctor may be employed to regulate the amount of the adhesivematerial applied to the paper, and the roller T is used to keepthe-paper in contact with the paste roll. A revolving brush or any othersuitable device may be used to apply the paste or glue to the paper. Therollers over or around which the paper travels-such as B, B, D, and N orany of themmay be slightly crowned or enlarged in diameter at thecenters of their lengths to cause the paper to travel in the propercourse, as has long been practiced for similar purposes.

The mechanism for driving the cutter to cut off the embossed sheet atany particular or required point may be arranged or constructed in anysuitable or preferred way. In the accompanying drawings I haverepresented a rotary cutter; but it will be understood that areciprocating or other cutter properly timed may be employed. The rotarycutter, however, operates in a satisfactory manner, has been thoroughlytried, and I will proceed to a description of it as represented in thedrawings. The shaft U of the rotary cutterblade U is supported insuitable journals in arms attached to the side frames Z Z, which armsalso carry a plate V, down which the embossed sheet is fed to be cut offat the proper points by the knife passing close to the shear-block W.The cutter makes a complete revolution at each cutting operation. It isdriven from the gear Y, bolted to the gear X, by the gears and pinions ZZ Z Z The gear Z is mutilated or segmental, and the pinion Z isprovided'with a stop-face which bears against the smooth portion of theperiphery of the gear Z so that the cutter remains stationary until theteeth of the mutilated gear engage with those of' the pinion, when itrevolves quickly to effect the cutting of 'the embossed sheet. Thepinion may be provided with a pin or lug and the segmental gear with along tooth to start the cutter in motion, or any analogous device may beused. The outer face of the knife is curved, so as to permit it to runclose to the shear-block.

Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of one of the hollow journals of oneof the drums, through which steam is introduced and the condensationdischarged. D D is the steaminlet pipe, and E the hollow journal of oneof the drums, as R. F represents a suitable gland or packing-box, and Ia ring secured by screws and bearing on a collar on the tube D whichpasses through the hollow journal. J 2 is a block,- into which the pipeDis tapped and through which the discharge pipe K passes. Thedischarge-pipe K extends inside the drum and is connected with thevertical pipe K which reaches nearly to the lowest part of the interiorof the drum. The steam enters through pipe D and the con densation isdischarged through K K ,.as indicated by the arrows. The supply anddelivery pipes, connected, respectively, with D and K are extendedlaterally to a sufficient distance to permit by their flexibility theadjustment of the drums.

The general form of the improved egg-carriers made by my machine will beunderstood from Figs. 9 and 10. It will be seen that in the form showneach of the egg-shaped semiconcavities Q is provided with a central ribor enlargement N formed by the dies at the same time with the embossmentof the paper. Theseribs servea useful purpose, since when a series ofthe carriers are stacked up in a suitable box or case they abut againsteach other and serve to relieve any shock or jar, thereby assisting inpreventing the breakage of any of the eggs; but they maybe dispensedwith and the dies arranged to form simple oval or egg-shaped concavitiesin the paper.

In order to facilitate the folding of the formed sheet on itself to formthe finished carrier shown in Fig. 10, I make a central V- shaped rib VFig. 4, on one of the drums and a corresponding groove on the opposingdrum, so that the paper in passing through between these drums islongitudinally creased or grooved, as indicated at W Fig. 9. Thispermits the formed sheet to be readily folded on itself, so as toproduce the complete carrier. Any suitable device may be employed forsecuring the edges of the carrier together.

The paper is drawn through the fulling device and unwound from thestock-rollers by the revolution of the die-drums; but it will beunderstood that any suitable rollers or other devices may be employedfor these purposes. Thus a pair of pulling-rollers, running at theproper speed, may be applied to the paper as it leaves the stock rolleror rollers for'the purpose of unwinding the same. The pulling or feedingdevices may act on the edges of the paper only, as in cases where thefulled paper is to be subjected to the action of reciprocatingembossing-dies. When a single web of paper is used, it is desirable tomoisten it by any suitable device before it goes to the f ullin gmechanism, a result which is secured by the application of paste oradhesive material when two or more webs are used, since it will beunderstood that by proper arrangements I can work three or more combinedwebs through my machine. Under certain circumstances the friction of thedriven fulling-drum will be sufficient to feed the paper. Also the paperin some constructions may be f ulled from one edge to the other by asuitable fulling-drum and suitably-arranged f ulling-rollers. It will beunderstood also that a rotary drum with male embossing-dies implies acorresponding drum with female dies, and vice versa, and that both theseconstructions are within the contemplation of my invention. Any suitableshape may be given to the dies on the embossing-drums, so that myinvention is applicable to the making of embossed products differentfrom the eggcarriers herein shown. The folding of the embossed sheets isincidental merely to the particular product described and may bedispensed with. The fulling arrangement may be constructed to full thepaper gradually from one side toward the other, although I prefer thecentral disposition of the first fulling-roller shown. \Vhile I preferthe rotary embossing-dru ms and dies shown, it will be understood thatreciprocating dies may be employed on the longitudinally-fulled paper.The fulling-rollers 1 3 5 7 may be driven positively, if preferred. Theintermediate roller N between the fulling mechanism and theembossing-dies is preferably a grooved roller, which does not injure thefulling.

I have found in practice that the machine operates satisfactorily withdie-drums thirtysix inches in diameter at a speed of about three andone-half revolutions per minute. Any suitable strippers or guides may beemployed for detaching the embossed sheet from the rollerR anddelivering it down the plate V. The driving-shaft T is provided withtight and loose pulleys T In Fig. 4 the drums O and R are shown asprovided with only one set of dies; but it will be understood that thedrums are provided with suitable dies around the whole of theirperipheries. The dies may be attached to the drums in sets adapted toproduce the concavities to hold a dozen eggs, as shown, or in any otherpreferred way.

I claim- 1. The combination of the grooved fullingdrum with a series ofribbed f ulling-rollers, having ribs gradually increasing in number,substantially as described.

2. The combination of the grooved fullingdrum with a series of ribbedfulling-rollers, having ribs increasing in number on each successiveroller by two, one on each side of the central line, substantially asdescribed.

The combination with the fulling device, adapted to produce longitudinalcorrugations in a web of paper, of the rotary embossingdrums, providedwith male and female dies, substantially as described.

4. The combination with the fulling device, adapted to producelongitudinal corrugations in a web of paper, of a drum provided withmale or female embossing-dies, and two or more drums having dies ofopposite character,

substantially as described.

5. The combination with the fulling device, adapted to producelongitudinal corrugations in a web of paper, of a rotary drum providedwith female dies, and two or more correspending rotary drums providedwith male dies, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the fullin g device,

adapted to produce longitudinal corrugations in a web of paper, of arotarydrum provided with embossing-dies, another rotary drum providedwith corresponding embossing-dies of opposite character, and a suitableweb-eutting device, substantially as described.

'7. The combination and arrangement with the female embossing-drum P, ofthe male embossing-drums O and R, adjustable relatively to the drum P,substantially as described.

8. The combination with the fulling-drum of a series of fulling-rollersadapted to produce longitudinal corrugations gradually increasing innumber in a web of paper, and a pasting device adapted to secure theadherence together of two or more webs of paper, substantially asdescribed.

9. The combination with the fulling-drum of a series of fulling-rollersadapted to produce longitudinal corrugations gradually increasing innumber in a web of paper, of a pasting device adapted to secure theadherence together of two or more webs of paper, and suitable male andfemale embossing devices, adapted to emboss the adherent sheets,substantially as described.

10. The combination with the grooved fulling-drum F of a series ofribbed fulling-rollers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, stock-rollers A A, guide-rollers BB, and the pasting-roller O, substantially as described.

11. The combination with the grooved fulling-drum F of the series ofribbed fullingrollers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, having ribs gradually increasing innumber, the supporting-shafts II and arches I I, substantially asdescribed.

12. The combination with the fulling-drum F and a series offulling-rollers adapted to produce longitudinal corrugations in a web ofpaper gradually increasing in number, of the rotary embossing-drums Oand P and the intermediate guide-roller N, substantially as described.

13. The combination with the frames Z Z and A of the rotaryembossing-drum P, the rotary embossing-drums O and R having dies of acharacter opposed to drum P, and mechanism for-adjusting the drums OandR relative to drum P, substantially as described.

14. The combination with the frames Z Z rollers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, havingfulling-ribs gradua web ofpaper with enlarged central ribs N 10 allyincreasing in number, arranged to be and another rotary dllllll ofopposite characrot-ated bythe friction of the Web only, the ter adaptedto coact with the other drum in shafts H and suitable supports I I,substanthe production of the concavities with the 5 tially as described.central ribs, substantially as described.

17. In a machine for forming egg-carriers, SYLVANUS E. DAVIS. thecombination with a device for fulling a \Vitnesses: web of paperlongitudinally, of a rotary drum GEO. B. SELDEN,

adapted to emboss egg-shaped coneavities in H. R. DRAKE.

